{"id":2164,"date":"1961-05-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1961-05-13T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/cms\/?p=2164"},"modified":"1961-05-13T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"1961-05-13T00:00:00","slug":"2365131961","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/1961\/05\/13\/2365131961\/","title":{"rendered":"5\/13\/1961"},"content":{"rendered":"

“13.05.61 Charles Bowles, interim secretary to the President, wrote a Memorandum for President [John F.] Kennedy to determine whether to apply to Cuba the Mutual Defense Assistance Act, known as the Battle Act. Its terms provide that it could be enforced upon any nation threatening U.S. security and its enforcement would require the President to notify countries receiving foreign assistance about Cuba\u2019s inclusion in this law and request their cooperation to impose an embargo on arms and strategic materials to Cuba, while it established the mandatory cutoff of all foreign assistance to any country refusing cooperation, despite being aware of these provisions.\u201d [Pro Embargo]<\/p>\n

“John F. Kennedy (D). Timeline,\u201d Cuba versus Blockade: Cuban People\u2019s website,\u00a02007<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“13.05.61 Charles Bowles, interim secretary to the President, wrote a Memorandum for President [John F.] Kennedy to determine whether to apply to Cuba the Mutual Defense Assistance Act, known as the Battle Act. Its terms provide that it could be enforced upon any nation threatening U.S. security and its enforcement would require the President to […]<\/p>\n

Read More… from 5\/13\/1961<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[3],"class_list":["post-2164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quotes","tag-quotes"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2166,"url":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/1961\/09\/04\/239941961\/","url_meta":{"origin":2164,"position":0},"title":"9\/4\/1961","author":"AmarkData","date":"September 4, 1961","format":false,"excerpt":"\"04.09.61 The U.S. Congress passed the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961\u2026which in its section 620(a) banned all sorts of assistance to the Cuban government and, as a way to implement such policy, authorized the U.S. President [John F. Kennedy] to impose and maintain an full-fledge trade embargo between the United\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "quotes"","block_context":{"text":"quotes","link":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/category\/quotes\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2170,"url":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/1962\/02\/03\/244231962\/","url_meta":{"origin":2164,"position":1},"title":"2\/3\/1962","author":"AmarkData","date":"February 3, 1962","format":false,"excerpt":"\"03.02.62 Based on the legal authority under section 620(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, the President issued Presidential Proclamation 3447 (27 FR 1085) imposing the blockade of trade between the United States and Cuba. He instructed the Secretary of the Treasury [C. Douglas Dillon] to enforce it with\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "quotes"","block_context":{"text":"quotes","link":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/category\/quotes\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2163,"url":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/1961\/03\/31\/2323311961\/","url_meta":{"origin":2164,"position":2},"title":"3\/31\/1961","author":"AmarkData","date":"March 31, 1961","format":false,"excerpt":"\"31.03.61 As provided for by the Sugar Act of 1948, as amended on this date, the President [John F. Kennedy] \u00a0issued Presidential Proclamation 3401, determining that out of national security considerations the Cuban sugar quota for 1961 was to be canceled.\u201d [Pro Embargo] \"John F. Kennedy (D). Timeline,\u201d Cuba versus\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "quotes"","block_context":{"text":"quotes","link":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/category\/quotes\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2197,"url":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/1962\/10\/22\/27210221962\/","url_meta":{"origin":2164,"position":3},"title":"10\/22\/1962","author":"AmarkData","date":"October 22, 1962","format":false,"excerpt":"\"22.10.62 President [John F.] Kennedy announced that the installation of offensive capability missiles have been discovered in Cuba and that the United States was imposing a strict quarantine on shipments to Cuba of all offensive military equipment. The quarantine was in effect until 20 November 1962.\u201d [Pro Embargo] \"John F.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "quotes"","block_context":{"text":"quotes","link":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/category\/quotes\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2203,"url":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/1963\/04\/17\/2774171963\/","url_meta":{"origin":2164,"position":4},"title":"4\/17\/1963","author":"AmarkData","date":"April 17, 1963","format":false,"excerpt":"\"17.04.63 Secretary of State Dean Rusk told President [John F.] Kennedy that American efforts to reduce allies\u2019 vessel traffic to Cuba have been successful: the governments of Liberia, Turkey, Honduras and Panama had officially forbidden their vessels to do trade with Cuba; Western Germany had issued a decree prohibiting freighters\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "quotes"","block_context":{"text":"quotes","link":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/category\/quotes\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2167,"url":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/1961\/12\/01\/2411211961\/","url_meta":{"origin":2164,"position":5},"title":"12\/1\/1961","author":"AmarkData","date":"December 1, 1961","format":false,"excerpt":"\"01.12.61 Based on the authority bestowed by the Sugar Act of 1948, as amended, the U.S. President [John F. Kennedy] issued Presidential Proclamation 3440 (26 FR 11714) suspending the Cuban sugar quota until 30 June 1962 out of national interest considerations.\u201d [Pro Embargo] \"John F. Kennedy (D). Timeline,\u201d Cuba versus\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "quotes"","block_context":{"text":"quotes","link":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/category\/quotes\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2164"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2164\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.amarkfoundation.org\/cubanembargo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}